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19-4760; Rev 0; 6/98
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
General Description
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 are quad, singlepole/single-throw (SPST), fault-protected analog switches. They are pin-compatible with the industry-standard nonprotected DG201/DG202/DG213. These new switches feature fault-protected inputs and Rail-to-Rail(R) signal handling capability. The normally open (NO_) and normally closed (NC_) terminals are protected from overvoltage faults up to 36V during power-up or power-down. During a fault condition, the NO_ or NC_ terminal becomes an open circuit and only nanoamperes of leakage current flow from the source, but the switch output (COM_) furnishes up to 10mA of the appropriate polarity supply voltage to the load. This ensures unambiguous rail-to-rail outputs when a fault begins and ends. On-resistance is 175 max and is matched between switches to 10 max. The off-leakage current is only 0.5nA at +25C and 10nA at +85C. The MAX4511 has four normally closed switches. The MAX4512 has four normally open switches. The MAX4513 has two normally closed and two normally open switches. These CMOS switches can operate with dual power supplies ranging from 4.5V to 18V or a single supply between +9V and +36V. All digital inputs have +0.8V and +2.4V logic thresholds, ensuring both TTL- and CMOS-logic compatibility when using 15V or a single +12V supply.
Features
o 40V Fault Protection with Power Off 36V Fault Protection with 15V Supplies o All Switches Off with Power Off o Rail-to-Rail Signal Handling o Output Clamped to Appropriate Supply Voltage During Fault Condition; No Transition Glitch o 175 max Signal Paths with 15V Supplies o No Power-Supply Sequencing Required o 4.5V to 18V Dual Supplies +9V to +36V Single Supply o Low Power Consumption, <2mW o Four Separately Controlled SPST Switches o Pin-Compatible with Industry-Standard DG411/DG412/DG413, DG201/DG202/DG213 o TTL- and CMOS-Compatible Logic Inputs with Single +9V to +15V or 15V Supplies
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Pin Configurations/ Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables
TOP VIEW
Applications
ATE Equipment Data Acquisition Industrial and Process-Control Systems Avionics Redundant/Backup Systems
IN1 COM1 NC1 VGND NC4 COM4 IN4
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
16 15 14 13
IN2 COM2 NC2 V+ N.C. NC3 COM3 IN3
MAX4511
12 11 10 9
Ordering Information
PART MAX4511CPE MAX4511CSE MAX4511C/D MAX4511EPE MAX4511ESE MAX4511MJE TEMP. RANGE 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -55C to +125C PIN-PACKAGE 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO Dice* 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO 16 CERDIP
DIP/SO
MAX4511 LOGIC SWITCH 0 1 ON OFF
Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. *Contact factory for dice specifications. Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd.
N.C. = NOT CONNECTED SWITCHES SHOWN FOR LOGIC "0" INPUT. ALL SWITCHES ARE OFF WITH POWER REMOVED.
Continued at end of data sheet.
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________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(Voltages Referenced to GND) V+ ........................................................................-0.3V to +44.0V V- .........................................................................-44.0V to +0.3V V+ to V-................................................................-0.3V to +44.0V COM_, IN_ (Note 1) ..............................(V- - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V) NC_, NO_ (Note 2)..................................(V+ - 36V) to (V- + 36V) NC_, NO_ to COM_ .................................................-36V to +36V Continuous Current into Any Terminal..............................30mA Peak Current into Any Terminal (pulsed at 1ms, 10% duty cycle)...................................50mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) (Note 2) Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/C above +70C) ...........842mW Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/C above +70C) .............696mW CERDIP (derate 10.00mW/C above +70C) ................800mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX451_C_ E ......................................................0C to +70C MAX451_E_ E ...................................................-40C to +85C MAX451_MJE .................................................-55C to +125C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300C
Note 1: COM_ and IN_ pins are not fault protected. Signals on COM_ or IN_ exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes. Limit forward diode current to maximum current rating. Note 2: NC_ and NO_ pins are fault protected. Signals on NC_ or NO_ exceeding -36V to +36V may damage the device. These limits apply with power applied to V+ or V-, or 40V with V+ = V- = 0.
Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Dual Supplies
(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER ANALOG SWITCH Fault-Protected Analog Signal Range Fault-Free Analog Signal Range Non-Protected Analog Signal Range (COM_ Output) COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_ On-Resistance COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_ On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 4) NO_ or NC_ Off Leakage Current (Note 5) COM_ Off Leakage Current (Note 5) COM_ On Leakage Current (Note 5) VNO_, VNC_ VNO_, VNC_ VCOM_ Applies with power on or off (Note 2) Applies with power on or off (Note 2) Applies with power on or off (Note 1) VCOM_ = 10V, ICOM_ = 1mA C, E, M C, E, M C, E, M +25C RON C, E M +25C RON VCOM_ = 10V, ICOM_ = 1mA C, E M INO_(OFF), INC_(OFF) VCOM_ = 14V; VNO_, VCOM = 14V VCOM_ = 14V; VNO_, VCOM = 14V +25C C, E M +25C C, E M +25C ICOM_(ON) VCOM_ = 14V C, E M -0.5 -10 -200 -0.5 -10 -200 -0.5 -20 -400 0.01 0.01 0.01 3 -36 VV- - 0.3 125 36 V+ V+ + 0.3 160 200 250 6 10 15 0.5 10 200 0.5 10 200 0.5 20 400 nA nA nA V V V SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 3) MAX UNITS
ICOM_(OFF)
2
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Dual Supplies (continued)
(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 3) MAX UNITS
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
FAULT (V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, unless otherwise noted.) COM_ Output Leakage Current, Supplies On NO_ or NC_ Off Input Leakage Current, Supplies On NO_ or NC_ Input Leakage Current, Supplies Off COM_ On Output Current, Supplies On COM_ On Output Resistance, Supplies On LOGIC INPUT LOGIC INPUT IN_ Input Logic Threshold High IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low VIN_H VIN_L IINH_, IINL VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V C, E, M C, E, M +25C C, E, M +25C C, E M +25C C, E M +25C +25C +25C +25C +25C +25C +25C 50 100 1.5 10 5 10 -62 -66 5 200 0.8 -1 -5 350 1.9 1.9 0.03 1 5 500 600 900 400 500 750 ns pC pF pF pF dB dB ns ns 2.4 V V A +25C ICOM_ VNO_ or VNC_ = 33V C, E M INO_, INC_ VNO_ or VNC_ = 25V, VCOM_ = 10V VNO_ or VNC_ = 40V, V+ = 0, V- = 0 VNO_ or VNC_ = 33V VNO_ or VNC_ = -33V VNO_ or VNC_ = 33V +25C C, E M +25C C, E M +25C +25C C, E, M -10 -200 -1 -20 -200 -10 -20 -200 -10 8 -12 11 -10 1 0.1 10 200 1 20 200 10 20 200 10 13 -7 2.5 3 nA A nA A nA A mA k
INO_, INC_
ICOM_ RCOM_
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTurn-On Time tON VCOM_ = 10V, RL_ = 2k, Figure 2 VCOM_ = 10V, RL_ = 2k, Figure 2 VCOM_ = 10V, RL_ = 2k, Figure 3 CL = 1.0nF, VNO_ = 0, RS = 0, Figure 4 f = 1MHz, Figure 5 f = 1MHz, Figure 5 f = 1MHz, Figure 5 RL = 50, CL = 15pF, VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 1MHz, Figure 6 RL = 50, CL = 15pF, VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 1MHz, Figure 6
Turn-Off Time Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4513 Only) Charge Injection (Note 6) NO_ or NC_ Off-Capacitance COM_ Off-Capacitance COM_ On-Capacitance Off Isolation (Note 7) Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk (Note 9)
tOFF
tBBM Q CN_(OFF) CCOM_(OFF) CCOM_(ON) VCISO VCT
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Dual Supplies (continued)
(V+ = +15V, V- = -15V, GND = 0V, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.)
PARAMETER POWER SUPPLY Power-Supply Range V+ Supply Current V- Supply Current V+, VI+ IAll VIN_ = 0 or 5V All VIN_ = 0 or 5V All VIN_ = 0 or 15V GND Supply Current IGND All VIN_ = 5V All VIN_ = 0 or 15V C,E, M +25C C, E, M +25C C, E, M +25C C, E, M +25C C, E, M 150 -1 0.01 90 4.5 280 18 400 600 200 300 1 10 250 450 V A A A A SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP MAX (Note 3) UNITS
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Single +12V Supply
(V+ = +10.8V to +13.2V, V- = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER ANALOG SWITCH Fault-Protected Analog Signal Range Fault-Free Analog Signal Range Non-Protected Analog Signal Range (COM_ Output) COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_ On-Resistance COM_ -NO_ or COM_ -NC_ On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 4) NO_ or NC_ Off Leakage Current (Notes 5, 9) COM_ Off Leakage Current (Notes 5, 9) COM_ On Leakage Current (Notes 5, 9) FAULT COM_ Output Leakage Current, Supply On NO_ or NC_ Off Input Leakage Current, Supply On NO_ or NC_ Input Leakage Current, Supply Off COM_ Output Current, Supply On COM_ Output Resistance, Supply On ICOM_ VNO_ or VNC_ = 30V, V+ = 12V VNO_ or VNC_ = 25V, VCOM_ = 0, V+ = 12V VNO_ or VNC_ = 40V, V+ = 0, V- = 0 VNO_ or VNC_ = 25V, V+ = 12V VNO_ or VNC_ = 10V V+ = 12V +25C C, E M +25C C, E M +25C C, E M +25C +25C -10 -200 -1 -20 -200 -10 -20 -200 -10 2 3 2.4 0.1 10 200 1 20 200 10 20 200 10 5 5 nA A nA A nA A mA k VNO_, VNC_ VNO_, VNC_ VCOM_ Applies with power on or off (Note 2) Applies with power on or off (Note 2) Applies with power on or off (Note 1) V+ = 12V, VCOM_ = 10V, ICOM_ = 1mA V+ = 12V, VCOM_ = 10V, ICOM_ = 1mA V+ = 12V; VCOM_ = 10V; VNO_, VNC = 0 or 12V V+ = 12V; VCOM _ = 0; VNO_, VNC_ = 12V V+ = 12V, VCOM_ = 10V or 12V C, E, M C, E, M C, E, M +25C C, E M +25C C, E M +25C C, E M +25C C, E M +25C C, E M -0.5 -10 -200 -0.5 -10 -200 -0.5 -20 -400 0.01 0.01 0.01 4 -36 0 -0.3 260 36 V+ V+ + 0.3 390 450 525 10 20 30 0.5 10 200 0.5 10 200 0.5 20 400 nA nA nA V V V SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP MAX (Note 3) UNITS
RON
RON
ION_(OFF), INC_(OFF)
ICOM_(OFF)
ICOM_(ON)
INO_, INC_
INO_, INC_
ICOM_ RCOM_
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Single +12V Supply (continued)
(V+ = +10.8V to +13.2V, V- = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER LOGIC INPUT IN_ Input Logic Threshold High IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low VIN_H VIN_L IIN_H, IIN_L VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V C, E, M C, E, M +25C C, E, M +25C C, E, M +25C C, E, M +25C +25C +25C +25C +25C +25C +25C 50 100 1 9 9 22 -62 -65 5 400 0.8 -1 -5 500 1.8 1.8 0.03 1 5 1000 1500 900 1200 2.4 V V A SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP MAX (Note 3) UNITS
SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Time Turn-Off Time Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4513 Only) Charge Injection (Note 6) NO_ or NC_ Off Capacitance COM_ Off Capacitance COM_ On Capacitance Off Isolation (Note 7) Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk (Note 8) POWER SUPPLY Power-Supply Range V+ Supply Current V+ I+ All VIN_ = 0 or 5V All VIN_ = 0 or 12V V- and GND Supply Current IGND All VIN_ = 5V Note 1: Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6: Note 7: Note 8: Note 9: 6 C,E, M +25C C, E, M +25C C, E, M +25C C, E, M 150 50 9 150 36 300 450 100 200 300 450 V A A A tON tOFF tBBM Q CN_ (OFF) CCOM_ (OFF) CCOM_ (ON) VISO VCT VCOM_ = 10V, RL_ = 2k, Figure 2 VCOM_ = 10V, RL_ = 2k, Figure 2 VCOM_ = 10V, RL_ = 2k, Figure 3 CL = 1.0nF, VNO_ = 0, RS = 0, Figure 4 f = 1MHz, Figure 5 VCOM_ = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 5 VCOM_ = VNO_ = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 5 RL = 50, CL = 15pF, VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 1MHz, Figure 6 RL = 50, CL = 15pF, VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 1MHz, Figure 5 ns ns ns pC pF pF pF dB dB
COM_ and IN_ pins are not fault protected. Signals on COM_ or IN_ exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes. Limit forward diode current to maximum current rating. NC_ and NO_ pins are fault protected. Signals on NC_ or NO_ exceeding -36V to +36V may damage the device. These limits apply with power applied to V+ or V-, or 40V with V+ = V- = 0. The algebraic convention is used in this data sheet; the most negative value is shown in the minimum column. RON = RON(MAX) - RON(MIN). Leakage parameters are 100% tested at maximum rated hot temperature and guaranteed by correlation at TA = +25C. Guaranteed by design. Off isolation = 20 log10 [ VCOM_ / (VNC_ or VNO_) ], VCOM_ = output, VNC_ or VNO_ = input to off switch. Between any two switches. Leakage testing for single-supply operation is guaranteed by testing with dual supplies.
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics
(TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM (DUAL SUPPLIES)
MAX4511-01
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM AND TEMPERATURE (DUAL SUPPLIES)
MAX4511-02
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM (SINGLE SUPPLY)
V+ = +5V SWITCH ON-RESISITANCE () V- = 0
MA4511-03
350 300 SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE () 250 200 150 100 50 0 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 VCOM (V) 5 10 15 V+ = +15V V- = -15V V+ = +20V V- = -20V V+ = +10V V- = -10V V+ = +5V V- = -5V V+ = +12V V- = -12V
200 180 SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE () 160 140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 V+ = +15V V- = -15V TA = -55C TA = -40C TA = +25C TA = +125C TA = +85C
1000
V+ = +12V
V+ = +15V V+ = +20V V+ = +24V V+ = +30V
100 -15 -10 -5 0 VCOM (V) 5 10 15 0 5 10 15 VCOM (V) 20 25 30
20
SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM AND TEMPERATURE (SINGLE SUPPLY)
MAX4511-04
ID(ON), IS(OFF), AND ID(OFF) LEAKAGES vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4511-05
CHARGE INJECTION vs. VCOM (DUAL SUPPLIES)
12 10 Q (pC) 8 6 4 2 0 -15 -10 -5 0 VCOM (V) 5 10 15 SINGLE +12V SUPPLY DUAL 15V SUPPLIES V+ = +15V V- = -15V
MAX4511-06
400 350 SWITCH ON-RESISTANCE () 300 TA = +125C TA = +85C
100n ICOM(OFF) @VNO = -14V, VCOM = +14V ICOM(OFF) @VNO = +14V, VCOM = -14V 1n ICOM(ON) @VNO = VCOM = -14V
14
10n LEAKAGE (A) TA = +25C TA = -40C
250 200 150 100 50 V+ = +12V 0 0 2
100p
ICOM(ON) @VNO = VCOM = +14V INO(OFF) @VNO = -14V, VCOM = +14V INO(OFF) @VNO = +14V, VCOM = -14V
TA = -55C 10p
1p 4 6 VCOM (V) 8 10 12 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TEMPERATURE (C)
ON AND OFF TIMES vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
900 800 700 tON, tOFF (ns) 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 0 5 10 15 20 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) tOFF (DUAL SUPPLIES) tOFF (SINGLE SUPPLY) tON (DUAL SUPPLIES) tON (SINGLE SUPPLY)
MAX4511-07
ON AND OFF TIMES vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4511-08
POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4511-09
1000
600 500 400 300 200 tOFF 100 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100
600 500 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 400 300 200 100 0
tON
tON, tOFF (ns)
IV+ IGND IV-
125
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
125
TEMPERATURE (C)
TEMPERATURE (C)
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.)
LOGIC-LEVEL THRESHOLD vs. V+
MAX4511-10
FREQUENCY RESPONSE
0 -10 -20 -30 -40 LOSS (dB) -50 -60 -70 -80 -90 -100 -110 -120 ON PHASE OFF LOSS ON LOSS
MAX186-14A
3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
120 100 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 -100 -120 PHASE (DEGREES)
LOGIC-LEVEL THRESHOLD (V)
35
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
V+ (V)
FREQUENCY (MHz)
Pin Description
PIN 1, 16, 9, 8 2, 15, 10, 7 NAME IN1-IN4 COM1- COM4 FUNCTION Logic Control Digital Inputs Analog Switch Common* Terminals
Detailed Description
Overview of Traditional Fault-Protected Switches
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 are fault-protected CMOS analog switches with unusual operation and construction. Traditional fault-protected switches are constructed by three series FETs. This produces good off characteristics, but fairly high on-resistance when the signals are within about 3V of each supply rail. As the voltage on one side of the switch approaches within about 3V of either supply rail (a fault condition), the switch impedance becomes higher, limiting the output signal range (on the protected side of the switch) to approximately 3V less than the appropriate polarity supply voltage. During a fault condition, the output current that flows from the protected side of the switch into its load comes from the fault source on the other side of the switch. If the switch is open or the load is extremely high impedance, the input current will be very low. If the switch is on and the load is low impedance, enough current will flow from the source to maintain the load voltage at 3V less than the supply.
3, 14, NO1-NO4 Analog Switch Fault-Protected Normally or 11, 6 NC1-NC4 Open* or Normally Closed* Terminals 4 5 12 13 VGND N.C. V+ Negative Analog Supply Voltage Input. Connect to GND for single-supply operation. Ground. Connect to digital ground. (Analog signals have no ground reference.) No Connection--not internally connected Positive Analog and Digital Supply-Voltage Input. Internally connected to substrate.
*As long as the voltage on NO_ or NC_ does not exceed V+ or V-, NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ pins are identical and interchangeable. Either may be considered as an input or output; signals pass equally well in either direction.
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
NORMALLY OPEN SWITCH CONSTRUCTION V+ P2
HIGH FAULT P1 NO_ (NC_) LOW FAULT COM_ N1
IN_
ON
GND
V-ESD DIODE NC SWITCH
N2
Figure 1. Block Diagram
Overview of MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 differ considerably from traditional fault-protection switches, with several advantages. First, they are constructed with two parallel FETs, allowing very low on-resistance when the switch is on. Second, they allow signals on the NC_ or NO_ pins that are within or slightly beyond the supply rails to be passed through the switch to the COM terminal, allowing rail-to-rail signal operation. Third, when a signal on NC_ or NO_ exceeds the supply rails by about 50mV (a fault condition), the voltage on COM_ is limited to the appropriate polarity supply voltage. Operation is identical for both fault polarities. The faultprotection extends to 36V from GND. During a fault condition, the NO_ or NC_ input pin becomes high impedance regardless of the switch state or load resistance. If the switch is on, the COM_ output current is furnished from the V+ or V- pin by "booster" FETs connected to each supply pin. These FETs can typically source or sink up to 10mA.
When power is removed, the fault protection is still in effect. In this case, the NO_ or NC_ terminals are a virtual open circuit. The fault can be up to 40V. The COM_ pins are not fault protected; they act as normal CMOS switch pins. If a voltage source is connected to any COM_ pin, it should be limited to the supply voltages. Exceeding the supply voltage will cause high currents to flow through the ESD protection diodes, possibly damaging the device (see Absolute Maximum Ratings).
Pin Compatibility
These switches have identical pinouts to common nonfault-protected CMOS switches. Care should be exercised in considering them for direct replacements in existing printed circuit boards, however, since only the NO_ and NC_ pins of each switch are fault protected.
Internal Construction
Internal construction is shown in Figure 1, with the analog signal paths shown in bold. A single normally open
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
(NO) switch is shown; the normally closed (NC) configuration is identical except the logic-level translator becomes an inverter. The analog switch is formed by the parallel combination of N-channel FET N1 and Pchannel FET P1, which are driven on and off simultaneously according to the input fault condition and the logic-level state.
COM_ and IN_ Pins
FETs N2 and P2 can source about 10mA from V+ or Vto the COM_ pin in the fault condition. Ensure that if the COM_ pin is connected to a low-resistance load, the absolute maximum current rating of 30mA is never exceeded, both in normal and fault conditions. The GND, COM_, and IN_ pins do not have fault protection. Reverse ESD-protection diodes are internally connected between GND, COM_, IN_ and both V+ and V-. If a signal on GND, COM_, or IN_ exceeds V+ or V- by more than 300mV, one of these diodes will conduct heavily. During normal operation these reverse-biased ESD diodes leak a few nanoamps of current to V+ and V-.
Normal Operation
Two comparators continuously compare the voltage on the NO_ (or NC_) pin with V+ and V-. When the signal on NO_ or NC_ is between V+ and V- the switch acts normally, with FETs N1 and P1 turning on and off in response to IN_ signals. The parallel combination of N1 and P1 forms a low-value resistor between NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ so that signals pass equally well in either direction.
Fault-Protection Voltage and Power Off
The maximum fault voltage on the NC_ or NO_ pins is 36V with power applied and 40V with power off.
Positive Fault Condition
When the signal on NO_ (or NC_) exceeds V+ by about 50mV, the high-fault comparator output is high, turning off FETs N1 and P1. This makes the NO_ (or NC_) pin high impedance regardless of the switch state. If the switch state is "off", all FETs are turned off and both NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ are high impedance. If the switch state is "on", FET P2 is turned on, sourcing current from V+ to COM_.
Failure Modes
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 are not lightning arrestors or surge protectors. Exceeding the fault-protection voltage limits on NO_ or NC_, even for very short periods, can cause the device to fail. The failure modes may not be obvious, and failure in one switch may or may not affect other switches in the same package.
Negative Fault Condition
When the signal on NO_ (or NC_) exceeds V- by about 50mV, the low-fault comparator output is high, turning off FETs N1 and P1. This makes the NO_ (or NC_) pin high impedance regardless of the switch state. If the switch state is "off," all FETs are turned off and both NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ are high impedance. If the switch state is "on," FET N2 is turned on, sinking current from COM_ to V-.
Ground
There is no connection between the analog signal paths and GND. The analog signal paths consist of an N-channel and P-channel MOSFET with their sources and drains paralleled and their gates driven out of phase to V+ and V- by the logic-level translators. V+ and GND power the internal logic and logic-level translators and set the input logic thresholds. The logiclevel translators convert the logic levels to switched V+ and V- signals to drive the gates of the analog switches. This drive signal is the only connection between the power supplies and the analog signals. GND, IN_, and COM_ have ESD-protection diodes to V+ and V-.
Transient Fault Response and Recovery
When a fast rise-time and fall-time transient on IN_ exceeds V+ or V-, the output (COM_) follows the input (IN_) to the supply rail with only a few nanoseconds delay. This delay is due to the switch on-resistance and circuit capacitance to ground. When the input transient returns to within the supply rails, however, there is a longer output recovery time delay. For positive faults, the recovery time is typically 3.5s. For negative faults, the recovery time is typically 1.3s. These values depend on the COM_ output resistance and capacitance, and are not production tested or guaranteed. The delays are not dependent on the fault amplitude. Higher COM_ output resistance and capacitance increase recovery times.
IN_ Logic-Level Thresholds
The logic-level thresholds are CMOS and TTL compatible when V+ is +15V. As V+ is raised the threshold increases slightly, and when V+ reaches 25V the level threshold is about 2.8V--above the TTL output high level minimum of 2.4V, but still compatible with CMOS outputs (see Typical Operating Characteristics). Increasing V- has no effect on the logic-level thresholds, but it does increase the gate-drive voltage to the signal FETs, reducing their on-resistance.
10
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
Bipolar Supplies
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 operate with bipolar supplies between 4.5V and 18V. The V+ and V- supplies need not be symmetrical, but their difference can not exceed the absolute maximum rating of 44V. 20MHz, the on-response has several minor peaks that are highly layout dependent. The problem with high-frequency operation is not turning the switch on, but turning it off. The off-state switch acts like a capacitor and passes higher frequencies with less attenuation. At 10MHz, off isolation is about -42dB in 50 systems, becoming worse (approximately 20dB per decade) as frequency increases. Higher circuit impedances also make off isolation worse. Adjacent channel attenuation is about 3dB above that of a bare IC socket and is due entirely to capacitive coupling.
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Single Supply
The MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513 operate from a single supply between +9V and +36V when V- is connected to GND.
High-Frequency Performance
In 50 systems, signal response is reasonably flat up to 50MHz (see Typical Operating Characteristics). Above
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams
V+ V+ NO_ OR NC_ +10V V+ VIN_ 0V 50%
VIN_
IN_
MAX4511 MAX4512 MAX4513 COM_
GND V2k 10pF
+10V VOUT VOUT 0V 90% 90%
50
V-
tOFF
tON
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
Figure 2. Switch Turn-On/Turn-Off Times
V+ VIN_ IN_ IN_ 50 V+ NO_ NC_ +10V VIN_
V+ 50% 0V VNO_, VNC_ COM_ COM_ VOUT 2k V10pF VOUT 0V tOPEN 80%
tR < 5ns tF < 5ns
MAX4513
GND
V-
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
Figure 3. MAX4513 Break-Before-Make Interval
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued)
V+ VIN_ V+ IN_ NO_ OR NC_ VIN_ 0V V+
50
MAX4511 MAX4512 MAX4513
COM_ GND VVOUT CL 1000pF
VOUT
VOUT
V-
VOUT IS THE MEASURED VOLTAGE DUE TO CHARGETRANSFER ERROR Q WHEN THE CHANNEL TURNS OFF. Q = VOUT x CL
V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
Figure 4. Charge Injection
V+ V+ V+ NO_
ADDRESS SELECT
IN_
MAX4511 MAX4512 MAX4513
GND
NC_ COM_ V1MHz CAPACITANCE ANALYZER
VV- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
Figure 5. COM_, NO_, NC_ Capacitance
12
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Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches
Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued)
V+ 10nF NETWORK ANALYZER V+ COM_ VIN 50 50 OFF ISOLATION = 20 log ON LOSS = 20 log VOUT NO_, NC_ GND VMEAS. 50 50 REF. CROSSTALK = 20 log VOUT VIN VOUT VIN VOUT VIN
MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
ADDRESS SELECT
IN_
MAX4511 MAX4512 MAX4513
10nF V-
MEASUREMENTS ARE STANDARDIZED AGAINST SHORT AT SOCKET TERMINALS. OFF ISOLATION IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ AND "OFF" NO_ OR NC_ TERMINALS. ON LOSS IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ AND "ON" NO_ OR NC_ TERMINALS. CROSSTALK IS MEASURED BETWEEN COM_ TERMINALS WITH ALL SWITCHES ON. SIGNAL DIRECTION THROUGH SWITCH IS REVERSED; WORST VALUES ARE RECORDED. V- IS CONNECTED TO GND (0V) FOR SINGLE-SUPPLY OPERATION.
Figure 6. Frequency Response, Off Isolation, and Crosstalk
Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables (continued)
TOP VIEW IN1 COM1 NO1 VGND NO4 COM4 IN4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 IN2 15 COM2 14 NO2 13 V+ IN1 COM1 NO1 VGND NO4 COM4 IN4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16 IN2 15 COM2 14 NC2 13 V+
MAX4512
12 N.C. 11 NO3 10 COM3 9 IN3
MAX4513
12 N.C. 11 NC3 10 COM3 9 IN3
DIP/SO
MAX4512 LOGIC SWITCH 0 1 OFF ON LOGIC 0 1
DIP/SO
MAX4513 SWITCHES 1, 4 OFF ON SWITCHES 2, 3 ON OFF
N.C. = NOT CONNECTED SWITCHES SHOWN FOR LOGIC "0" INPUT. ALL SWITCHES ARE OFF WITH POWER REMOVED.
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13
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Chip Topographies
MAX4511
NC1 COM1 IN1 IN2 COM2
Ordering Information (continued)
PART MAX4512CPE MAX4512CSE MAX4512C/D MAX4512EPE MAX4512ESE MAX4512MJE MAX4513CPE MAX4513CSE MAX4513C/D MAX4513EPE MAX4513ESE MAX4513MJE TEMP. RANGE 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -55C to +125C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -55C to +125C PIN-PACKAGE 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO Dice* 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO 16 CERDIP 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO Dice* 16 Plastic DIP 16 Narrow SO 16 CERDIP
NC2
V+ VGND 0.138" (3.51mm)
* Contact factory for dice specifications.
NC4 COM4 IN4 IN3 COM3 0.086" (2.261mm)
NC3
MAX4512
NO1 COM1 IN1 IN2 COM2 NO2 NO1 COM1
MAX4513
IN1 IN2 COM2 NC2
V+ VGND 0.138" (3.51mm) VGND
V+ 0.138" (3.51mm)
NO4 COM4 IN4 IN3 COM3 NO3 0.086" (2.261mm)
NO4 COM4 IN4 IN3 COM3 NC3 0.086" (2.261mm)
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 139 SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO: V+
14 ______________________________________________________________________________________
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
________________________________________________________Package Information
SOICN.EPS PDIPN.EPS
______________________________________________________________________________________
15
Quad, Rail-to-Rail, Fault-Protected, SPST Analog Switches MAX4511/MAX4512/MAX4513
Package Information (continued)
CDIPS.EPS
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
16 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 1998 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.

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